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| Section2 = }} ''sn''-Glycerol 3-phosphate〔This article uses stereospecific numbering where stereoconfiguration is not explicitly specified.〕 is a phosphoric ester of glycerol, which is a component of glycerophospholipids. Equally appropriate names in biochemical context include glycero-3-phosphate, 3-''O''-phosphonoglycerol, 3-phosphoglycerol.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Nomenclature of Phosphorus-Containing Compounds of Biochemical Importance )〕 From a historical reason, it is also known as -glycerol 3-phosphate, -glycerol 1-phosphate, -α-glycerophosphoric acid.〔 It should not be confused with the similarly named glycerate 3-phosphate or glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate. == Biosynthesis and metabolism == Glycerol 3-phosphate is synthesized by reducing dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP), a glycolysis intermediate, with glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase. DHAP and thus glycerol 3-phosphate is also possible to be synthesized from amino acids and citric acid cycle intermediates via gluconeogenesis pathway. : + NAD(P)H + H+ → + NAD(P)+ It is also synthesized by phosphorylating glycerol generated upon hydrolyzing fats with glycerol kinase, and can feed into glycolysis or glyconeogenesis pathways. : + ATP → + ADP Glycerol 3-phosphate is a starting material for ''de novo'' synthesis of glycerolipids. In eukaryotes, it is first acylated on its ''sn''-1 position by an ER- or mitochondrial membrane enzyme, glycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferase, and another acyl group is then added on the ''sn''-2 position making phosphatidic acids. : + Acyl-CoA → Lysophosphatidic acid + CoA Some fungi have glycerol-1-phosphatase, which removes the phosphate group of glycerol 3-phosphate to generate glycerol. They can perform glycerol fermentation producing glycerol from glucose through glycolysis pathway. : + H2O → + Pi 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Glycerol 3-phosphate」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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